What expense category is Carta Expenses?

For startups and growing companies, managing equity, stock options, valuations, and cap tables is a critical and often complex task. Platforms like Carta offer specialized software and services to simplify these processes. For accountants and Small to Medium-sized Business (SMB) owners, understanding how to categorize expenses related to Carta is important for accurate financial reporting and tax compliance.

This guide will explore how Carta expenses are typically categorized, key considerations for their classification, examples of these costs, their tax implications under IRS guidelines, and how Fyle can assist in streamlining the tracking of these specialized business expenditures.

Carta Expenses Category

Carta provides a platform and services primarily for cap table management, equity plan administration, and valuation services (like 409A valuations). Expenses incurred for using Carta are generally considered ordinary and necessary operating expenses, especially for companies that issue equity to employees or are preparing for fundraising or an exit.

In an accounting system, these expenses can be classified under several categories depending on the specific service:

• Software Subscriptions or Software Licenses: For recurring fees paid for access to Carta's cloud-based platform.
• Professional Fees: This is a common category for specific services like 409A valuations, which are often required for financial reporting and tax compliance related to stock options.
• Legal and Professional Fees: Given the legal and financial compliance nature of equity management and valuations, this category is also appropriate. IRS Publication 535 and Publication 334 allow deductions for such fees when they are ordinary and necessary business expenses.
• Administrative Expenses or Other Business Expenses: A general category if a more specific one isn't used.

Some Important Considerations While Classifying Carta Expenses

Nature of the Service – Subscription vs. One-Time

• Platform Fees: Recurring fees for using Carta’s software (e.g., for cap table management, equity plan administration) are typically treated as software subscription expenses.
• Valuation Services: Fees for discrete services like 409A valuations are generally treated as professional service fees.

Startup or Organizational Costs

For new companies, costs incurred to set up the initial cap table, establish the first equity plan, or conduct an initial 409A valuation before or as part of the company's formation and before active business operations commence might be considered start-up costs (under Section 195) or organizational costs (under Section 248 for corporations or Section 709 for partnerships). These rules allow for a potential immediate deduction of up to $5,000 for each type of cost, with the remainder amortized over 180 months (15 years).

Costs Related to Raising Capital vs. Operational Management

• Fees for routine cap table management and ongoing compliance valuations are generally operational expenses.
• However, if specific Carta services are directly tied to the issuance of stock in a financing round (e.g., fees solely for processing a new equity issuance), those specific costs might be treated as costs of raising capital, which typically reduce the proceeds from the offering rather than being an immediate expense or amortizable cost. This distinction is important and may require careful analysis.

Bundled Services

Carta may offer packages that bundle platform access with services like 409A valuations. Businesses should understand the components. If a significant portion is for a distinct professional service (like a valuation), it may be appropriate to allocate or classify based on the dominant feature or separate itemization if available.

Recordkeeping

Maintain detailed records for all Carta expenses, including:

• Service agreements or subscription contracts.
• Invoices from Carta clearly detailing the services provided (e.g., "Annual Platform Subscription Fee," "409A Valuation Service").
• Proof of payment. These documents are essential for substantiating the expenses for tax purposes.

Examples of Carta Expenses

Common expenses a business might incur with Carta include:

• Annual or monthly subscription fees for access to Carta’s cap table and equity management software platform.
• Fees specifically for conducting 409A valuations required for issuing stock options.
• Costs for services related to administering employee stock option plans, including grant issuance, tracking vesting schedules, and processing exercises.
• Fees for generating compliance reports related to equity compensation (e.g., ASC 718 expense accounting reports).
• Charges for features supporting investor relations, shareholder communications, or liquidity events managed through the platform.

Tax Implications of Carta Expenses

Deductibility

Fees paid for Carta's platform subscription and related professional services (like 409A valuations), when used for managing the company's equity and maintaining compliance, are typically deductible as ordinary and necessary business expenses.

Timing of Deduction

• Cash Method: Businesses using the cash method generally deduct these expenses in the tax year they are paid. For annual subscriptions paid upfront, the "12-month rule" may allow the full deduction in the year of payment if the service period doesn't extend more than 12 months beyond the first date the business receives the benefit or beyond the end of the following tax year.
• Accrual Method: Businesses using the accrual method generally deduct subscription fees over the period the service is provided and professional service fees when the service is rendered and the liability is incurred.

Startup or Organizational Costs

As mentioned, if specific Carta services are integral to the formation or launch of a new business, they might be treated under the rules for start-up or organizational costs (potential $5,000 immediate deduction, with the balance amortized over 180 months).

No Capitalization of Subscription Fees

Standard SaaS subscription fees for platforms like Carta are generally expensed as incurred and not capitalized as a long-term intangible asset by the subscribing company. This is different from the cost of purchasing or developing custom software.

Sales Tax

Any applicable sales tax on Carta's services or software subscription would be part of the total deductible expense.

Substantiation

Businesses must keep clear records, including service agreements, invoices, and proof of payment, to support the deductions claimed for Carta expenses.

How Fyle Can Automate Expense Tracking for Carta Expenses

Effectively managing payments for SaaS subscriptions and professional services like those from Carta is crucial for financial control. Fyle’s expense management system can assist in several ways:

Managing Recurring Subscription Payments

Fyle can help track and manage the recurring subscription fees for the Carta platform, ensuring payments are accounted for.

Automated Capture of Invoices and Payments

• Real-Time Card Feeds: If Carta subscription fees or service charges are paid using a corporate credit card linked to Fyle, these transactions are captured automatically and in real-time.
• Invoice Processing: Digital invoices from Carta can be easily forwarded from email (e.g., Gmail or Outlook) or uploaded directly into Fyle, where they can be automatically attached to the corresponding payment transactions.

Accurate Categorization & GL Sync

• Carta expenses can be consistently categorized within Fyle (e.g., "Software Subscriptions," "Professional Fees - Valuation," "Legal & Compliance Services") based on the nature of the service.
• Fyle’s integrations with accounting software like QuickBooks (Online & Desktop), Xero, NetSuite, and Sage Intacct ensure that these categorized expenses are accurately exported to the general ledger with the correct coding.

Approval Workflow

For significant expenditures like annual subscription renewals or engagement for valuation services, Fyle’s customizable approval workflows can ensure proper internal authorization is obtained and documented before payment.

Spend Visibility and Budget Management

Fyle’s dashboards and reporting tools provide clear visibility into spending on financial technology, professional services, and compliance tools. This helps businesses manage budgets, track vendor expenses, and understand their overall administrative and compliance costs.

Centralized Document Repository

All contracts, invoices, and payment confirmations related to Carta services can be stored centrally within Fyle, creating an easily accessible and audit-ready record.

By utilizing Fyle to manage expenses for services like Carta, businesses can ensure meticulous recordkeeping, improve the accuracy of their financial data, streamline internal controls, and simplify the process of accounting for these specialized operational costs.